Biamonti 234 – Rondo – Trio in F–D major Landsberg 7 Notebook, Page 170, Lines 1–2, 17 measures (Mikulicz Page 156). 1800

The musical examples and texts on this page are by Graziano Denini

Biamonti 234 – Rondo – Trio in F–D major

Landsberg 7 Notebook, Page 170, Lines 1–2, 17 measures (Mikulicz Page 156). 1800

This theme is written in ink, as are all the sketches on this page, and is described by Mikulicz as having “very beautiful handwriting.”

Elsewhere in his analysis, Mikulicz informs us that the other notes on this page pertain to the fourth movement of the Violin and Piano Sonata Opus 24, and he hypothesizes that this Trio might also be connected to that work—or alternatively, that it should be considered an “Unbekannt” (unknown) fragment.

Personally, I do not believe it can be associated with any of the pieces Beethoven was studying during that period. Rather, I think it is a melody Beethoven jotted down with the intention of possibly using it at a later time.

Beethoven does not indicate any key signature, nor are there any accidentals within the melody that might help us determine its actual tonality. Biamonti writes “in F–D major.” In my view, this sketch for a Trio to be used within a broader Rondo is certainly in D major.

Karl L. Mikulicz: A Pioneer in Beethoven Sketchbook Studies

Karl L. Mikulicz was a distinguished early 20th-century scholar whose name is closely associated with the publication and decipherment of Beethoven’s sketchbooks, particularly the Landsberg 7 manuscript. His work is notable for its methodical reproduction of Beethoven’s jottings, which he approached with both philological rigor and editorial sensitivity.

In a 1927 facsimile edition, Mikulicz published the Landsberg 7 sketchbook, a crucial source containing early material for works such as the String Quartets Op. 18. His edition remains one of the earliest attempts to present Beethoven’s sketches in a faithful visual format, preserving the layout, ink density, and even the smudges and corrections that reveal Beethoven’s compositional process.

Mikulicz advocated what he called the “ideal solution” for sketchbook publication: A complete facsimile reproduction accompanied by a detailed decipherment and commentary, allowing scholars to compare the original manuscript with a modern transcription and analytical notes.

This approach was later echoed by institutions such as the Beethoven-Haus in Bonn and the Glinka Museum in Moscow, which continued the tradition of publishing Beethoven’s sketchbooks in multi-volume editions combining facsimile, transcription, and commentary. Though Mikulicz may not be widely known outside specialist circles, his contribution laid the groundwork for modern Beethoven research, especially in the study of unrealized fragments and compositional evolution.